The Semantic Similarities in the Meditation Words in the Holy Quran (al-xidaaʕ ‘deception’, al-kayd ‘machination’, and al-makr ‘wiliness’) of Quran Interpreters

Abstract

The reader of the Hoy Quran’s interpretations suffers the misconception of three different, but related, concepts, namely:  al-xidaaʕ ‘deception’, al-kayd ‘machination’, and al-makr ‘wiliness’, where each concept entails the others even in the old dictionaries. This study tries to capture the semantic differences between these three different concepts based on the premise that the Qur’an is a precise text where no lexeme completely alternates any other ones. The study has found that al-xidaaʕ ‘deception’ denotes the will to do evil to the other people by saying or doing (or both); it is made by a reliable person who shows good but line evil. al-kayd ‘machination’, by way of contrast, may be made to bring benefit. al-makr ‘wiliness’, however, is employed to intent harm for others and differs from the first two concepts in that it is more severe, more controlled, and more hidden than them. Most of the interpreters proposed that the use of these three terms with Allah denotes torment.