Article Sidebar

Submitted
Nov 3, 2020
Published
Nov 3, 2020
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 531 Download : 403

Main Article Content

Abstract

There have been so many acts of terrorism connected to radical Muslims that it's not surprising Islam has a public relations problem. Pollsters, historians and other experts say that the West's collective instincts toward Islam have been shaped over decades by a patchwork of factors. These include demographic trends, psychology, terrorism events, foreign policy, domestic politics, media coverage and the Internet. Therefore, it is not surprising that Muslims are the most negatively viewed faith community in some countries as the United States. The objective of the current research is to review qualitatively the social media platforms of the hashtag #Notinmyname, initiated by renowned Muslim British Community namely Active Change Foundation as a successful model of social media activism combatting the worsening image of Islam. The major conclusion of this study is that hashtags launched by Muslim activists derive from the social media platforms exacerbating and unprecedented power to stir political and social movements especially, regarding controversial and stagnant matters. Posts, comments and shares on different social media platforms go viral, stir discussions and trigger public opinion. These #hashtags were not a launching base for a pro-Islam campaign only, as much as being an outlet breather for all pro and anti-opinions regarding Islam. Social media are now the pathway to mobilize the crowd online to take an action in the real world.

Keywords

Constraints Rules Relative Clause C-command

Article Details

References

  1. Ahmad, K. and Sheikh, K. S. (2013). "Social Media and youth participatory politics: A study of university students". South Asian Studies, 28(2). 353-360.
  2. Al-Hamid, N. (25 May 2012). "Saudi conference urges promotion of Islam on social media". BBC Monitoring Middle East, London.
  3. Aly, A. (2012). "An audience-focused approach to examining religious extremism online". Australian Journal of Communication. 39(1), 1-16.
  4. Ameripour et al. (2010). "Conviviality of Internet social networks: An exploratory study of Internet campaigns in Iran". Journal of Information Technology, 25(2), 244-257.
  5. Anonymous. "Using social media to communicate against violent extremism". Australian Government Living Safe TogetherReport, www. Livingsafetogether.gov.au
  6. Anonymous. (1 Sept 2014). "About The MyJihad Campaign". http://myjihad.org/
  7. Anonymous. (17 Nov 2015). "#NotInMyName: Muslims condemn IS through Twitter campaign". SBS News
  8. Anonymous. (25 May 2016). "CAIR Launches Satirical 'ISLAMOPHOBIN' Public Awareness Campaign to Challenge Anti-Muslim Bigotry". Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR), PR Newswire-US News-wire. Washington.
  9. Anonymous. (28 Dec 2015). "America’s Largest Muslim Organization Launches Campaign—True Islam and the Extremists, Invites all American Muslims to endorse campaign". http://trueislam.com.
  10. Aragon, P. et al. (2013). "Communication dynamics in twitter during political campaigns: The case of the 2011 Spanish national election". Policy and Internet, 5(2), 183-206.
  11. Balas, A. et al. (2011). "Social Media and future of leadership: Call for action in the Balkans".SocialAnalysis, 1(2), 154-166.
  12. Barak, M. (Nov 2014). "Not in My Name – ISIS and protests against it as reflected on SNS". Bee Hive: Middle East Social Media, 2(10).
  13. Bernstein, S. (16 June 2015). "Facing backlash, U.S. Muslims counter with new advertising campaign", Reuters.
  14. Brickner, R. K. (2016). "Tweeting care: Educators' dissent through Social Media in the US and Canada". Labour, 77, 11-I
  15. Brown, N. (17 Nov 2015). "Muslims use social media to condemn ISIS, fight Islamophobia". MSNBC News.
  16. Cameron, A. M. et al. (2013). "Social Media and organ donor registration: The Facebook effect". American Journal of Transplantation, 13(8), 2059-2065.
  17. Carlson, T. et al. (2014). "Taking risks in social media campaigning: The early adoption of blogging by candidates". Scandinavian Political Studies, 37(1), 21-40.
  18. Carnoy, J. (28 Apr 2016). "5 Tips for running your best Social Media campaign ever". Entrepreneur Middle East, https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/272231
  19. Dowshen, N. et al. (2015). "IknowUshould2: Feasibility of a youth-driven Social Media campaign to promote STI and HIV testing among adolescents in Philadelphia". AIDS and Behavior, 19, 106-111.
  20. Dunlop, S. et al. (2016). "Marketing to youth in the digital age: The promotion of unhealthy products and health promoting behaviors on Social Media". Media and Communication, 4(3).
  21. Essert, M. (21 Sep 2014). "Young British Muslims Tell the Islamic State: #NotInMyName". Mic. World.com
  22. Faget, D. (15 Nov 2015). "#NotInMyName – Muslims Use Social Networks to Condemn Terror". Sputniknews.com.
  23. Finnigan, J. and Ross, N. (2013). "I'm a Mormon feminist: How Social Media revitalized and enlarged a movement". Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion, 9, 1-26
  24. Furlow, N. E. (2011). "Find us on Facebook: How cause marketing has embraced Social Media". Journal of Marketing Development and Competitiveness, 5(6), 61-64.
  25. Glover. S. (12 June 2016). "Coverage of the Orlando nightclub massacre". Chicago5
  26. Gouvria, A. (14 June 2016). "#NotInMyName: Muslims And The UAE Stand Up Against Orlando Attack". Emirateswomannews.com.
  27. Hagar, D. (2014). "Campaigning online: Social Media in the 2010 Niagara municipal elections". Canadian Journal of Urban Research, 23(1), 74-98.
  28. Harris, S. (3 July 2015). "#MessageToIsis Campaign Encourages People To Speak Out In Defiance Against Isis". The Huffington Post.
  29. Hausam, M. (2014). "Muslims speak out against ISIS as #NotInMyName Social Media campaign Takes Off". http://www.ijreview.com.
  30. Helmus, T. C. et al. (August 2011). "Promoting online voices for countering violent extremism". Rand Corporation Report, available at: www. rand.org.
  31. Hoskinson, C. (26 Oct 2014). "Anti-Islamic state allies seek way to fight group's social media success". The Examiner, Washington, D.C.
  32. Huesch, M. D. et al. (2016). "Using Social Media, online social networks, and internet search as platforms for public health interventions: A pilot study". Health Services Research, 51(S2), 1273-1290.
  33. Inspired by Muhammad.com. http://www.inspiredbymuhammad.com/campaign.php
  34. Jawad, M. et al. (2015). "Social Media use for public health campaigning in a low resource setting: The case of waterpipe tobacco smoking". BioMed Research International, volume 2015.
  35. Ketter E. and Avraham, E. (2012). "The social revolution of place marketing: The growing power of users in social media campaigns". Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 8(4), 285-294.
  36. Livingston, J. D. et al. (2014). "Another time point, a different story: one year effects of a social media intervention on the attitudes of young people towards mental health issues". Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 49(6), 985-990.
  37. Meredith, C. (25 Sept 2014). "British Muslims Rejecting Islamic State With #NotInMyName Campaign Praised By Barack Obama At UN General Assembly". Huffington Post UK.
  38. Özdemir, B. P. (2012). "Social Media as a tool for online advocacy campaigns: Greenpeace Mediterranean's anti genetically engineered food campaign in Turkey". Global Media Journal, 5(2), 23.
  39. Pillai, P. (2012). "Healthcare social media strategy: Using social media to improve healthcare business insights on current practice and future promise". International Journal of Management Research and Reviews, 2(5), 792-799.
  40. Pratt, S. (18 Nov 2015). "NotInMyName: Muslims condemn attacks in Paris". CNN News.
  41. Sfondeles T. (14 Dec 2012). "Local Muslim group reclaiming ‘Islam’ with ‘MyJihad’ campaign". Chicago Sun Times.
  42. Sisto, C. (23 Sept 2014). "In new #NotInMyName campaign, British Muslims denounce the Islamic State". Corner Blog Magazine.http://www.nationalreview.com/article/388593/moderate-muslims-stand-against-isis-christine-sisto.
  43. Spierings, N. and Jacobs, K. (2014). "Getting personal? The Impact of Social Media on preferential voting". Political Behavior, 36(1), 215-234.
  44. Talev, M. (28 Aug 2010). "Why so many Americans are hostile toward Islam". SaintPaul, Minn.
  45. Tilson, D. J. (2011). "Public Relations and religious diversity: A conceptual framework for fostering a spirit of Communitas". GlobalMedia Journal, 4(1).
  46. Uddin, A. (25 Apr 2014). "Minority communities and the mighty tweet". Institute for Social Policy and Understanding, http://www.ispu.org/content/minority_communities_and_the_mighty_tweet#sthash.XXW7BK70.dpuf
  47. Wells, C. et al. (2016). "Coproduction or cooptation? Real-time spin and social media response during the 2012 French and US presidential debates". French Politics, 14(2), 206-233.
  48. Zahra, I. (2018). Utilizing the dimensions of religion to analyze social media campaigns. In M. N. Saqri et al. (Eds.), Promoting interdisciplinarity in knowledge generation and problem solving (pp.202-220). PA: IGI Global
  49. Zimmerman, J. W. and Brown, D. (2012). The Complete Idiot's Guide To Facebook Marketing. New York: Alpha.