محتوى المقالة الرئيسية
الملخص
تطورت الأموال الوقفية في ماليزيا من كونها أموالا غير منقولة يتم استخدامها لأغراض دينية مثل المدارس والمساجد إلى عقاراتٍ استثمارية منتجة ذات استخدامات متعددة كالفنادق والمكاتب والمباني التجارية. وتعتبر الفتوى الوطنية الصادرة في عام 2007 والتي سمحت باعتماد الوقف النقدي من الفتاوى المهمة التي ساهمت في تنويع أموال الوقف من خلال تقديم مشاريع متعددة للوقف النقدي من قبل المصارف المحلية والمجالس الإسلامية للولايات، والمؤسسات التعليمية. كما عرف الوقف تطورا واضحا في مفهوم "وقف الشركات" و "الأسهم الوقفية" علاوة على منتجات الوقف المبتكرة في قطاع التأمين التكافلي وسوق رأس المال الإسلامي بماليزيا. ومن ضمن التطورات الهامة التي عرفها الوقف أيضا بماليزيا اِطلاق مؤسسة لابوان الدولية للوقف(LIWF) من قبل مركز لابوان الدولي للأعمال والتمويل (LIBFC) في عام 2015.
اِعتمدت هذه الدراسة على المنهج الاستقرائي في جمع المعلومات المتعلقة بالأطر التنظيمية للوقف وذلك من خلال المراجع والتقارير الحديثة الصادرة عن الجهات الإشرافية الماليزية. واعتمدت الدراسة أيضا على المنهج التحليلي لرصد تطور الوقف في ماليزيا وتقويم مدى نجاعته وذلك من خلال دراسة الحوكمة وإطار العمل القانوني والمؤسساتي لإدارة الوقف، بالإضافة إلى الإصلاحات والتحولات التي شهدها نظام الوقف بماليزيا. كما تناولت الدراسة أيضا الاستخدام المبتكر للوقف في تعزيز الشمول المالي واعتماد المنصات الإلكترونية لجمع أموال الوقف واستثمارها.
كلمات مفتاحية: الوقف، الحوكمة، الاطار القانوني، الوقف النقدي، التحول، الإصلاح، ماليزيا.
الكلمات المفتاحية
تفاصيل المقالة
المراجع
- Fouad, B. A., & Almaoud, B. A. (2014). Qawaid Hawkamah El-Waqf: Nadarah Mouassassat El-Waqf Namouthajan: Mashroua’ Bahthi Moumawal Min Koursi Shiekh Rashid Ben Dayel Li-Dirasset El-Waqf Bi-Jamiat Al-Imam Mohamed Bin Saouad El-Islamiya.
- Ab Rahman, A., & Ahmad, W. M. W. (2011). The concept of waqf and its application in an Islamic insurance product: The Malaysian experience. Arab Law Quarterly, 25(2), 203-219.
- Abdul Manaf, Z.I; Syed Abdul Kader, S.Z., & Mohamad, N.A (2018). “ADR as an alternative access to justice in resolving waqf land disputes”. Current Law Journal. pp. 1-30.
- Abu Bakar, N.A., Md. Hussain, M.N. (2016). Kebaikan wakaf korporat: Analisa manfaat kebajikan kepada masyarakat awam oleh Waqaf An-Nur Corporation (WANCorp). Jurnal Pengurusan JAWHAR, Vol. 10, No.1.
- Ahmad, M. (2015). “Cash waqf: Historical evolution nature and role as an alternative to riba-based financing for the grass root. Journal of Islamic Finance, 4(1), 63-74.
- Ahmad, M. (2016). A socio-legal study of zakah and waqf as instruments for poverty alleviation in northern Nigeria with reference to Malaysia and Kuwait. [Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation]. International Islamic University Malaysia.
- Al-Ttasuli. (1998). Al-Bahjah Fi Sharh al-Tuhfah. Lebanon: al-Maktabat al-Ilmiyyah.
- Arnold, TW. (1913). The preaching of Islam: A history of propagation of the Muslim faith. Constable & Co. Ltd.
- Benyounis, H. (2014, June 5). Management challenges of awqaf assets. [Conference presentation]. World Islamic Economic Forum Islamic Development Bank (WIEF-IDB) Awqaf Roundtable, Jakarta, Indonesia.
- Farhana Mohamad Suhaimi, Asmak Ab Rahman, Sabitha Merican (2014) “The Role of Share Waqf in the Socio-Economic Development of the Muslim Community: The Malaysian Experience” Humanomics, Vol. 30, Issue 3, pp.227-254.
- Hasan, S. M (2014), “Contemporary Waqf Development through Sukuk. Global Islamic Economics Magazine. Vol 25, 6.
- Hashim, A. B. M. (2007). The collection of waqf through insurance companies: a critical analysis of the Malaysian experience. Review of Islamic Economics, 11(1), 63-74
- Ibn Nujaym. (n.d). Al-Bahr Al-Raiq Sharh Kanz Al-Daqaiq V. 5. Cairo: Dar Al-Kitab Al-Islami.
- Ibrahim, D., & Ibrahim, H. (2013). The revitalization of Islamic trust institution through corporate waqf. In 4th International Conference on Business and Economic Research Proceedings.
- Iman, A. H. M., & Mohamad, M. T. S. (2014). Waqf property: Concept, management, development, and financing. UTM Press.
- Ismail Abdel Mohsin, M. (2014). Corporate waqf from principle to practice: A new innovation for Islamic finance. Pearson.
- Ismail, C. Z., Salim, N. J., & Hanafiah, N. J. A. (2015). Administration and management of waqf land in Malaysia: Issues and solutions. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(4), 613.
- Lambert, T. and Schwienbacher. A. (2010). An empirical analysis of crowdfunding. Social Science Research Network No: 1578175.
- Mahadi, A. (2017). “Could a waqf company in Malaysia expand its operation through initial public offering. Waqf Laws and Management, IIUM Press, 214-229.
- Mahamood, S.M. (2006). Waqf in Malaysia: Legal and administrative perspectives. University Malaya Press.
- Mahamood, S.M. (2014), Awqaf properties in Malaysia. Islamic Finance Review (ISFIRE), November 2014.
- Masum, A. (2012). The doctrine of ministerial responsibility in Malaysia: Theory and practice in a new regime of parliamentary accountability. 4 Malayan Law Journal, clv.
- Md. Dahlan, N.H, Kamarudin, A.R. (2006). Wakaf in Malaysia: Its legal evolution and development. Shariah Law Reports, 1: 81.
- Md. Dahlan, S., Mohamad, N.A. (2018, 4-5 July) The Earliest Waqfs in Malaysia. [Conference presentation] International Conference on History and Governance of Awqaf in India and Malaysia (ICHGA 2018), International Islamic University Malaysia.
- Mohamad, N.A, Syed Abdul Kader, S.Z, Ali, Z.. (2017, 16-18 October). Labuan (IBFC) international waqf foundation: Integrating waqf with internationally recognised foundation laws. [Conference presentation]. 5th Global Waqf Conference, ICWR-IIUM, UNIRAZAK and STIE Riau-AKBAR, Pekanbaru, Indonesia.
- Mollick, E. (2014). The dynamics of crowdfunding: An exploratory study. Journal of Business Venturing, 29(1), 1-16. doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.06.005
- Musari, K. (2016, 14-20 November). Waqf-sukuk: Enhancing the Islamic finance for economic sustainability in higher education institutions. [Conference presentation]. 2nd World Islamic University Leaders’ Summit 2016 (WICULS 2016), AKEPT and Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Malaysia.
- Nahar, H.S. and H. Yaacob. (2011). Accountability in the sacred context: the case of management, accounting and reporting of a Malaysian cash awqaf institution. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 2(2), 87-113.
- Nasution, K.S. (2002). Colonial intervention and transformation of Muslim waqf settlements in urban Penang: The role of the endowments board. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, Vol.22, No.2, 2002.
- New Straits Times (2014, 28th October), Maybank Islamic announces RM20M waqf fund. New Straits Times Online.
- Pirasteh, H., & Abdolmaleki, H. (2007, 6-7 March). Developing awqaf properties and Islamic financial engineering: A conceptual and Empirical Analysis. [Conference presentation]. Singapore International Waqf Conference, Singapore.
- Ramli, A. M., & Jalil, A. (2013, 4-5 December). Corporate waqf model and its distinctive features: The future of Islamic philanthropy. [Conference presentation]. World Universities Islamic Philanthropy Conference. Menara Bank Islam, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Ramli, A. M., & Jalil, A. (2014). Model perbankan wakaf korporat: Analisis wakaf selangor muamalat. Jurnal Pengurusan (UKM Journal of Management), 42.
- Siraj, S. A. (2012). An empirical investigation into the accounting, accountability and effectiveness of waqf management in the State Islamic Religious Councils (SIRCS) in Malaysia. (Doctoral dissertation, Cardiff University).
- Suhaili, N. A., & Palil, M. R. (2016). Crowdfunding: A collaborative waqf based internet platform. International Journal of Business, Economics and Law, Vol. 11, Issue 5 (Dec.) ISSN 2289-155.
- Syed Abdul Kader, S.Z., Ishola, A., Mohamad, N.A. (2018). The meaning and legal consequences of ‘sole-trustee’ of waqf under the shariah and Malaysian waqf laws. Shariah Law Reports Articles, (4), 1-15.
- Thaker, M. T., & Thaker, H. M. T. (2015). Exploring the contemporary issues of corporate share waqf model in Malaysia with the reference to the Waqaf An-Nur Corporation Berhad. Jurnal Pengurusan, 45.
- Thaker, M.T., Pitchay, M.A. (2018). Developing waqf land through crowdfunding-waqf model (CWM): The case of Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 9(3), 448-456.
- Yaacob, H. (2013). Waqf history and legislation in Malaysia: A contemporary perspective. Journal of Islamic and Human Advanced Research, 3(6), 387-402.
المراجع
Fouad, B. A., & Almaoud, B. A. (2014). Qawaid Hawkamah El-Waqf: Nadarah Mouassassat El-Waqf Namouthajan: Mashroua’ Bahthi Moumawal Min Koursi Shiekh Rashid Ben Dayel Li-Dirasset El-Waqf Bi-Jamiat Al-Imam Mohamed Bin Saouad El-Islamiya.
Ab Rahman, A., & Ahmad, W. M. W. (2011). The concept of waqf and its application in an Islamic insurance product: The Malaysian experience. Arab Law Quarterly, 25(2), 203-219.
Abdul Manaf, Z.I; Syed Abdul Kader, S.Z., & Mohamad, N.A (2018). “ADR as an alternative access to justice in resolving waqf land disputes”. Current Law Journal. pp. 1-30.
Abu Bakar, N.A., Md. Hussain, M.N. (2016). Kebaikan wakaf korporat: Analisa manfaat kebajikan kepada masyarakat awam oleh Waqaf An-Nur Corporation (WANCorp). Jurnal Pengurusan JAWHAR, Vol. 10, No.1.
Ahmad, M. (2015). “Cash waqf: Historical evolution nature and role as an alternative to riba-based financing for the grass root. Journal of Islamic Finance, 4(1), 63-74.
Ahmad, M. (2016). A socio-legal study of zakah and waqf as instruments for poverty alleviation in northern Nigeria with reference to Malaysia and Kuwait. [Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation]. International Islamic University Malaysia.
Al-Ttasuli. (1998). Al-Bahjah Fi Sharh al-Tuhfah. Lebanon: al-Maktabat al-Ilmiyyah.
Arnold, TW. (1913). The preaching of Islam: A history of propagation of the Muslim faith. Constable & Co. Ltd.
Benyounis, H. (2014, June 5). Management challenges of awqaf assets. [Conference presentation]. World Islamic Economic Forum Islamic Development Bank (WIEF-IDB) Awqaf Roundtable, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Farhana Mohamad Suhaimi, Asmak Ab Rahman, Sabitha Merican (2014) “The Role of Share Waqf in the Socio-Economic Development of the Muslim Community: The Malaysian Experience” Humanomics, Vol. 30, Issue 3, pp.227-254.
Hasan, S. M (2014), “Contemporary Waqf Development through Sukuk. Global Islamic Economics Magazine. Vol 25, 6.
Hashim, A. B. M. (2007). The collection of waqf through insurance companies: a critical analysis of the Malaysian experience. Review of Islamic Economics, 11(1), 63-74
Ibn Nujaym. (n.d). Al-Bahr Al-Raiq Sharh Kanz Al-Daqaiq V. 5. Cairo: Dar Al-Kitab Al-Islami.
Ibrahim, D., & Ibrahim, H. (2013). The revitalization of Islamic trust institution through corporate waqf. In 4th International Conference on Business and Economic Research Proceedings.
Iman, A. H. M., & Mohamad, M. T. S. (2014). Waqf property: Concept, management, development, and financing. UTM Press.
Ismail Abdel Mohsin, M. (2014). Corporate waqf from principle to practice: A new innovation for Islamic finance. Pearson.
Ismail, C. Z., Salim, N. J., & Hanafiah, N. J. A. (2015). Administration and management of waqf land in Malaysia: Issues and solutions. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(4), 613.
Lambert, T. and Schwienbacher. A. (2010). An empirical analysis of crowdfunding. Social Science Research Network No: 1578175.
Mahadi, A. (2017). “Could a waqf company in Malaysia expand its operation through initial public offering. Waqf Laws and Management, IIUM Press, 214-229.
Mahamood, S.M. (2006). Waqf in Malaysia: Legal and administrative perspectives. University Malaya Press.
Mahamood, S.M. (2014), Awqaf properties in Malaysia. Islamic Finance Review (ISFIRE), November 2014.
Masum, A. (2012). The doctrine of ministerial responsibility in Malaysia: Theory and practice in a new regime of parliamentary accountability. 4 Malayan Law Journal, clv.
Md. Dahlan, N.H, Kamarudin, A.R. (2006). Wakaf in Malaysia: Its legal evolution and development. Shariah Law Reports, 1: 81.
Md. Dahlan, S., Mohamad, N.A. (2018, 4-5 July) The Earliest Waqfs in Malaysia. [Conference presentation] International Conference on History and Governance of Awqaf in India and Malaysia (ICHGA 2018), International Islamic University Malaysia.
Mohamad, N.A, Syed Abdul Kader, S.Z, Ali, Z.. (2017, 16-18 October). Labuan (IBFC) international waqf foundation: Integrating waqf with internationally recognised foundation laws. [Conference presentation]. 5th Global Waqf Conference, ICWR-IIUM, UNIRAZAK and STIE Riau-AKBAR, Pekanbaru, Indonesia.
Mollick, E. (2014). The dynamics of crowdfunding: An exploratory study. Journal of Business Venturing, 29(1), 1-16. doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.06.005
Musari, K. (2016, 14-20 November). Waqf-sukuk: Enhancing the Islamic finance for economic sustainability in higher education institutions. [Conference presentation]. 2nd World Islamic University Leaders’ Summit 2016 (WICULS 2016), AKEPT and Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Malaysia.
Nahar, H.S. and H. Yaacob. (2011). Accountability in the sacred context: the case of management, accounting and reporting of a Malaysian cash awqaf institution. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 2(2), 87-113.
Nasution, K.S. (2002). Colonial intervention and transformation of Muslim waqf settlements in urban Penang: The role of the endowments board. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, Vol.22, No.2, 2002.
New Straits Times (2014, 28th October), Maybank Islamic announces RM20M waqf fund. New Straits Times Online.
Pirasteh, H., & Abdolmaleki, H. (2007, 6-7 March). Developing awqaf properties and Islamic financial engineering: A conceptual and Empirical Analysis. [Conference presentation]. Singapore International Waqf Conference, Singapore.
Ramli, A. M., & Jalil, A. (2013, 4-5 December). Corporate waqf model and its distinctive features: The future of Islamic philanthropy. [Conference presentation]. World Universities Islamic Philanthropy Conference. Menara Bank Islam, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Ramli, A. M., & Jalil, A. (2014). Model perbankan wakaf korporat: Analisis wakaf selangor muamalat. Jurnal Pengurusan (UKM Journal of Management), 42.
Siraj, S. A. (2012). An empirical investigation into the accounting, accountability and effectiveness of waqf management in the State Islamic Religious Councils (SIRCS) in Malaysia. (Doctoral dissertation, Cardiff University).
Suhaili, N. A., & Palil, M. R. (2016). Crowdfunding: A collaborative waqf based internet platform. International Journal of Business, Economics and Law, Vol. 11, Issue 5 (Dec.) ISSN 2289-155.
Syed Abdul Kader, S.Z., Ishola, A., Mohamad, N.A. (2018). The meaning and legal consequences of ‘sole-trustee’ of waqf under the shariah and Malaysian waqf laws. Shariah Law Reports Articles, (4), 1-15.
Thaker, M. T., & Thaker, H. M. T. (2015). Exploring the contemporary issues of corporate share waqf model in Malaysia with the reference to the Waqaf An-Nur Corporation Berhad. Jurnal Pengurusan, 45.
Thaker, M.T., Pitchay, M.A. (2018). Developing waqf land through crowdfunding-waqf model (CWM): The case of Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 9(3), 448-456.
Yaacob, H. (2013). Waqf history and legislation in Malaysia: A contemporary perspective. Journal of Islamic and Human Advanced Research, 3(6), 387-402.