Section Articles

An Overview Survey of Recent Routing Protocols for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

https://doi.org/10.24200/squjs.vol23iss2pp95-110

Al-Salti Faiza A.

s81851@student.squ.edu.om (Primary Contact)

College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, PC 123, Al-Khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman

Al-Zeidi Nasser M.

College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, PC 123, Al-Khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman

Day Khaled

College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, PC 123, Al-Khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman

Arafeh Bassel

College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, PC 123, Al-Khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman

Touzene Abderezak

College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, PC 123, Al-Khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman

Submitted

Dec 30, 2018

Published

Dec 30, 2018

Download

PDF

Statistic

Read Counter : 544 Download : 382

Abstract

With the recent advances in underwater sensor devices and technologies, underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) enable a variety of applications such as underwater exploration and monitoring, disaster prevention, and military surveillance and reconnaissance. However, these kinds of networks faces a number of challenges induced by the nature of the underwater environment and its influence on the physical media. Therefore, new routing protocols are proposed specifically for such networks to mitigate these challenges. This paper surveys some of the recent routing protocols for UWSNs. Specifically, the idea of each protocol is presented as well as its advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, the presented protocols are classified into different categories. The paper is concluded with some open research issues.

Keywords

Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) Acoustic channels Routing protocols Location-based routing Location-free routing.

Author Biographies

Al-Salti Faiza A., College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, PC 123, Al-Khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman

Department of Computer Science

Al-Zeidi Nasser M., College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, PC 123, Al-Khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman

Department of Computer Science

Day Khaled, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, PC 123, Al-Khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman

Department of Computer Science

Arafeh Bassel, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, PC 123, Al-Khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman

Department of Computer Science

Touzene Abderezak, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, PC 123, Al-Khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman

Department of Computer Science

References

Boulaiche, M. and Bouallouche-Medjkoune, L. EGGR: Energy-aware and delivery Guarantee Geographic Routing protocol. Wireless Networks, 2014, 21(6), 1765–1774.
Bondarenko, O., Kininmonth, S. and Kingsford, M. Coral Reef Sensor Network Deployment for Collecting Real Time 3-D Temperature Data with Correlation to Plankton Assemblages. Proceedings of International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications (SENSORCOMM 2007), 14-20 October 2007, Valencia, Spain.
Mohsin Murad, S.Q., A.Sheikh, A., Asif Manzoor, M. and Felemban, E. A Survey on Current Underwater Acoustic Sensor Network Applications. International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering, 2015, 7(1), 51–56.
Ribeiro, F.J.L., de Castro Pinto Pedroza, A. and Costa, L.H.M.K. Underwater monitoring system for oil exploration using acoustic sensor networks. Telecommunication System, 2014, 58(1), 91–106.
Mohamed, N., Jawhar, I., Al-Jaroodi, J. and Zhang, L. Sensor network architectures for monitoring underwater pipelines. Sensors, 2011, 11(11), 10738–64.
Mohamed, N., Al-Muhairi, L., Al-Jaroodi J. and Jawhar, I. A fault-tolerant acoustic sensor network for monitoring underwater pipelines. Proceedings of International Conference on High Performance Computing & Simulation (HPCS), 21-25 July 2014, Bologna, Italy.
Jiang, Z. Underwater Acoustic Networks – Issues and Solutions. International Journal of Intelligent Control and Systems, 2008, 13(3), 152–161.
Ayaz, M., Baig, I., Abdullah, A. and Faye, I. A survey on routing techniques in underwater wireless sensor networks. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 2011, 34(6), 1908–1927.
Stojanovic, M. and Preisig, J. Underwater acoustic communication channels: Propagation models and statistical characterization. IEEE Communication Magazine, 2009, 47(1), 84–89.
Llor, J., Torres, E., Garrido, P. and Malumbres, M.P. Analyzing the behavior of acoustic link models in underwater wireless sensor networks. Proceedings of the 4th ACM workshop on Performance monitoring and measurement of heterogeneous wireless and wired networks - PM2HW2N ’09, 26 October 2009, New York, USA.
Cui, J.-H., Kong, J., Gerla, M. and Zhou, S. The challenges of building mobile underwater wireless networks for aquatic applications. IEEE Network, 2006, 20(3), 12–18.
Chirdchoo, N., Soh, W.S. and Chua, K.C. Sector-Based Routing with Destination Location Prediction for Underwater Mobile Networks. Proceedings of International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops, 26-29 May 2009, Bradford, England.
Wang, Y. Three-Dimensional Wireless Sensor Networks: Geometric Approaches for Topology and Routing Design. in The Art of Wireless Sensor Networks, H. M. Ammari, Ed. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014, 367–409.
Giantsis, C. and Economides, A.A. Comparison of routing protocols for underwater sensor networks: a survey. International Journal of Communication Networks and Distributed Systems, 2011, 7(3-4), 192-228.
Feham, S.M., Feham, M. and Labraoui, N. Geographic routing protocols for underwater wireless sensor networks:a survey. International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Networks, 2014, 6(1).
Khasawneh, A., Latiff, M.S.B. A., Chizari, H., Tariq, M. and Bamatraf, A. Pressure Based Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey. KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems, 2015, 9(2), 504–527.
Kheirabadi, M.T. and Mohamad, M.M. Greedy Routing in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks: A Survey. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 2013, 2013, 1–21.
Mouftah, M.H.T. and Oktug, S. A Survey of Architectures and Localization Techniques for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, 2011, 13(3), 487–502.
Akyildiz, I., Pompili, D. and Melodia, T. Underwater acoustic sensor networks: research challenges. Ad hoc Networks, 2005, 3(3), 257–279.
Sozer, E.M., Stojanovic, M. and Proakis, J.G. Underwater acoustic networks. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, 2000, 25(1), 72–83.
Wang, Y., Liu, Y., and Guo, Z. Three-dimensional ocean sensor networks: A survey. Journal of Ocean University of China, 2012, 11(4), 436–450.
Alam, S.M.N. and Haas, Z.J. Coverage and connectivity in three-dimensional networks. Proceedings of the 12th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking - MobiCom ’06, September 2006, New York, USA.
Yang, H. and Sikdar, B. A Mobility Based Architecture for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks Proceedings of the IEEE GLOBECOM 2008 - 2008 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, 30 November 2008 - 4 December 2008, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Han, G., Zhang, C., Shu, L., Sun, N. and Li, Q. A Survey on Deployment Algorithms in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 2013, 2013, 1–11.
Huang, C.J., Wang, Y.-W., Liao, H.H., Lin, C.F., Hu, K.W. and Chang, T.Y. A power-efficient routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks. Applied Soft Computing, 2011, 11(2), 2348–2355.
Xiao, X. Ji, X.P., Yang, G. and Cong, Y.P. LE-VBF: Lifetime-Extended Vector-Based Forwarding Routing. Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Computer Science and Service System, 11-13 August 2012, Nanjing, China.
Xie, P., Cui, J.H. and Lao, L. VBF: vector-based forwarding protocol for underwater sensor networks Proceedings of IFIP Networking’06, 15-19 May 2006, Coimbra, Portugal.
Ashrafuddin, M., Islam, M.M. and Mamun-or-Rashid, M. Energy Efficient Fitness Based Routing Protocol for Underwater Sensor Network. International Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications, 2013, 5(6), 61.
Javaid, N., Shah, M., Ahmad, A., Imran, M., Khan, M. and Vasilakos, A. An Enhanced Energy Balanced Data Transmission Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks. Sensors, 2016, 16(4), 487.
DU, X., HUANG, K., LAN, S., FENG, Z. and LIU, F. LB-AGR: level-based adaptive geo-routing for underwater sensor network. The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications, 2014, 21(1), 54–59.
Coutinho, R.W.L., Boukerche, A., Vieira, L. F. M. and Loureiro, A. A. F. A novel void node recovery paradigm for long-term underwater sensor networks. Ad Hoc Networks, 2015, 34, 144–156.
Coutinho, R.W.L., Vieira, L.F.M. and Loureiro, A.A.F. DCR: Depth-Controlled Routing protocol for underwater sensor networks. Proceedings of 2013 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC), 7-10 July 2013, Split, Croatia.
Al-Salti, F., Alzeidi, N. and Arafeh, B. A New Multipath Grid-Based Geographic Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks Proceedings of 2014 International Conference on Cyber-Enabled Distributed Computing and Knowledge Discovery, 13-15 October 2014, Shanghai, China.
Al-Salti, F., Alzeidi, N. and Arafeh, B. EMGGR: an energy-efficient multipath grid-based geographic routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks. Wireless Networks, 2016, 23, 1301-1314.
Jiang, J., Han, G., Guo, H., Shu, L. and Rodrigues, J.J.P. Geographic multipath routing based on geospatial division in duty-cycled underwater wireless sensor networks. Journal of Networks and Computer Applications, 2016, 59, 4–13.
Tariq, M., ShafieAbd Latiff, M., Ayaz, M., Coulibaly, Y. and Al-Areqi, N. Distance based Reliable and Energy Efficient (DREE) Routing Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks. Journal of Networks, 2015, 10(5), 311–321.
Javaid, N., Jafri, M.R., Khan, Z.A., Alrajeh, N., Imran, M. and Vasilakos, A. Chain-based communication in cylindrical underwater wireless sensor networks. Sensors, 2015, 15(2), 3625–3649.
S. Basagni, C. Petrioli, R. Petroccia, and D. Spaccini, “CARP: A Channel-aware routing protocol for underwater acoustic wireless networks,” Ad Hoc Networks, 2014, 34, 92–104.
Zhou, Z., Yao, B., Xing, R. Shu, L. and Bu, S. E-CARP: An Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for UWSNs in the Internet of Underwater Things. IEEE Sensor Journal, 2015, 16(11), 4072–4082.
Wahid, A., Lee, S. and Kim, D. An energy-efficient routing protocol for UWSNs using physical distance and residual energy. Proceedings of OCEANS 2011 IEEE - Spain, 6-9 June 2011, Santander, Spain.
Wahid, A., Lee, S. and Kim, D. A reliable and energy-efficient routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks. International Journal of Communication Systems, 2014, 27(10), 2048–2062.
De Couto, D.S.J., Aguayo, D., Bicket, J. and Morris, R. A high-throughput path metric for multi-hop wireless routing. Wireless Networks, 2005, 11(4), 419-434.
Baccour, N., Koubâa, A., Youssef, H., ben Jamâa, M., Rosário, D., Alves, M. and Becker, L. F-LQE: A Fuzzy Link Quality Estimator for Wireless Sensor Networks. Proceedings of 7th European Conference on Wireless Sensor Networks, 17-19 February 2010, Coimbra, Portugal.
Yan, H., Shi, Z.J. and Cui, J.-H. DBR: depth-based routing for underwater sensor networks. Proceedings of the International Conference on Research in Networking, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 5-9 May 2008, Singapore.
Noh, Y., Lee, U., Wang, P., Choi, B.S.C. and Gerla, M. VAPR: Void-Aware Pressure Routing for Underwater Sensor Networks. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2013, 12(5), 895–908.
Li, C., Xu, Y., Diao, B., Wang, Q. and An, Z. DBR-MAC: A Depth-Based Routing Aware MAC Protocol for Data Collection in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks. IEEE Sensor Journal, 2016, 16(10), 3904–3913.
Ali, T., Jung, L.T. and Faye, I. Diagonal and Vertical Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network. Proceedia – Social and Behavioral Science, 2014, 129, 372–379.
Chen, D. and Varshney, P. A survey of void handling techniques for geographic routing in wireless networks. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, 2007, 9(1), 50–67.
Xu, M., Liu, G. and Wu, H. An Energy-Efficient Routing Algorithm for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks Inspired by Ultrasonic Frogs. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 2014, 2014, 1–12.
Chilamkurti, N., Zeadally, S., Vasilakos, A., Sharma, V., Chilamkurti, N., Zeadally, S., Vasilakos, A. and Sharma, V. Cross-Layer Support for Energy Efficient Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks,. Journal of Sensors, 2009, 2009, 1–9.
Lai, S. Duty-Cycled Wireless Sensor Networks: Wakeup Scheduling, Routing, and Broadcasting. Doctoral Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 2010.
Xiang, L., Luo, J. and Vasilakos, A. Compressed data aggregation for energy efficient wireless sensor networks. Proceedings of the 8th Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks, 27-30 June 2011, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Liu, X.Y., Zhu, Y., Kong, L., Liu, C., Gu, Y., Vasilakos, A.V. and Wu, M.Y. CDC: Compressive Data Collection for Wireless Sensor Networks IEEE Transactions on Parallel Distributed Systems, 2015, 26(8), 2188–2197.
Xu, X., Ansari, R., Khokhar, A. and Vasilakos, A.V. Hierarchical Data Aggregation Using Compressive Sensing (HDACS) in WSNs. ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN), 2015, 11(3), 1–25.

References

Boulaiche, M. and Bouallouche-Medjkoune, L. EGGR: Energy-aware and delivery Guarantee Geographic Routing protocol. Wireless Networks, 2014, 21(6), 1765–1774.

Bondarenko, O., Kininmonth, S. and Kingsford, M. Coral Reef Sensor Network Deployment for Collecting Real Time 3-D Temperature Data with Correlation to Plankton Assemblages. Proceedings of International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications (SENSORCOMM 2007), 14-20 October 2007, Valencia, Spain.

Mohsin Murad, S.Q., A.Sheikh, A., Asif Manzoor, M. and Felemban, E. A Survey on Current Underwater Acoustic Sensor Network Applications. International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering, 2015, 7(1), 51–56.

Ribeiro, F.J.L., de Castro Pinto Pedroza, A. and Costa, L.H.M.K. Underwater monitoring system for oil exploration using acoustic sensor networks. Telecommunication System, 2014, 58(1), 91–106.

Mohamed, N., Jawhar, I., Al-Jaroodi, J. and Zhang, L. Sensor network architectures for monitoring underwater pipelines. Sensors, 2011, 11(11), 10738–64.

Mohamed, N., Al-Muhairi, L., Al-Jaroodi J. and Jawhar, I. A fault-tolerant acoustic sensor network for monitoring underwater pipelines. Proceedings of International Conference on High Performance Computing & Simulation (HPCS), 21-25 July 2014, Bologna, Italy.

Jiang, Z. Underwater Acoustic Networks – Issues and Solutions. International Journal of Intelligent Control and Systems, 2008, 13(3), 152–161.

Ayaz, M., Baig, I., Abdullah, A. and Faye, I. A survey on routing techniques in underwater wireless sensor networks. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 2011, 34(6), 1908–1927.

Stojanovic, M. and Preisig, J. Underwater acoustic communication channels: Propagation models and statistical characterization. IEEE Communication Magazine, 2009, 47(1), 84–89.

Llor, J., Torres, E., Garrido, P. and Malumbres, M.P. Analyzing the behavior of acoustic link models in underwater wireless sensor networks. Proceedings of the 4th ACM workshop on Performance monitoring and measurement of heterogeneous wireless and wired networks - PM2HW2N ’09, 26 October 2009, New York, USA.

Cui, J.-H., Kong, J., Gerla, M. and Zhou, S. The challenges of building mobile underwater wireless networks for aquatic applications. IEEE Network, 2006, 20(3), 12–18.

Chirdchoo, N., Soh, W.S. and Chua, K.C. Sector-Based Routing with Destination Location Prediction for Underwater Mobile Networks. Proceedings of International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops, 26-29 May 2009, Bradford, England.

Wang, Y. Three-Dimensional Wireless Sensor Networks: Geometric Approaches for Topology and Routing Design. in The Art of Wireless Sensor Networks, H. M. Ammari, Ed. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014, 367–409.

Giantsis, C. and Economides, A.A. Comparison of routing protocols for underwater sensor networks: a survey. International Journal of Communication Networks and Distributed Systems, 2011, 7(3-4), 192-228.

Feham, S.M., Feham, M. and Labraoui, N. Geographic routing protocols for underwater wireless sensor networks:a survey. International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Networks, 2014, 6(1).

Khasawneh, A., Latiff, M.S.B. A., Chizari, H., Tariq, M. and Bamatraf, A. Pressure Based Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey. KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems, 2015, 9(2), 504–527.

Kheirabadi, M.T. and Mohamad, M.M. Greedy Routing in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks: A Survey. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 2013, 2013, 1–21.

Mouftah, M.H.T. and Oktug, S. A Survey of Architectures and Localization Techniques for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, 2011, 13(3), 487–502.

Akyildiz, I., Pompili, D. and Melodia, T. Underwater acoustic sensor networks: research challenges. Ad hoc Networks, 2005, 3(3), 257–279.

Sozer, E.M., Stojanovic, M. and Proakis, J.G. Underwater acoustic networks. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, 2000, 25(1), 72–83.

Wang, Y., Liu, Y., and Guo, Z. Three-dimensional ocean sensor networks: A survey. Journal of Ocean University of China, 2012, 11(4), 436–450.

Alam, S.M.N. and Haas, Z.J. Coverage and connectivity in three-dimensional networks. Proceedings of the 12th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking - MobiCom ’06, September 2006, New York, USA.

Yang, H. and Sikdar, B. A Mobility Based Architecture for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks Proceedings of the IEEE GLOBECOM 2008 - 2008 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, 30 November 2008 - 4 December 2008, New Orleans, Louisiana.

Han, G., Zhang, C., Shu, L., Sun, N. and Li, Q. A Survey on Deployment Algorithms in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 2013, 2013, 1–11.

Huang, C.J., Wang, Y.-W., Liao, H.H., Lin, C.F., Hu, K.W. and Chang, T.Y. A power-efficient routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks. Applied Soft Computing, 2011, 11(2), 2348–2355.

Xiao, X. Ji, X.P., Yang, G. and Cong, Y.P. LE-VBF: Lifetime-Extended Vector-Based Forwarding Routing. Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Computer Science and Service System, 11-13 August 2012, Nanjing, China.

Xie, P., Cui, J.H. and Lao, L. VBF: vector-based forwarding protocol for underwater sensor networks Proceedings of IFIP Networking’06, 15-19 May 2006, Coimbra, Portugal.

Ashrafuddin, M., Islam, M.M. and Mamun-or-Rashid, M. Energy Efficient Fitness Based Routing Protocol for Underwater Sensor Network. International Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications, 2013, 5(6), 61.

Javaid, N., Shah, M., Ahmad, A., Imran, M., Khan, M. and Vasilakos, A. An Enhanced Energy Balanced Data Transmission Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks. Sensors, 2016, 16(4), 487.

DU, X., HUANG, K., LAN, S., FENG, Z. and LIU, F. LB-AGR: level-based adaptive geo-routing for underwater sensor network. The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications, 2014, 21(1), 54–59.

Coutinho, R.W.L., Boukerche, A., Vieira, L. F. M. and Loureiro, A. A. F. A novel void node recovery paradigm for long-term underwater sensor networks. Ad Hoc Networks, 2015, 34, 144–156.

Coutinho, R.W.L., Vieira, L.F.M. and Loureiro, A.A.F. DCR: Depth-Controlled Routing protocol for underwater sensor networks. Proceedings of 2013 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC), 7-10 July 2013, Split, Croatia.

Al-Salti, F., Alzeidi, N. and Arafeh, B. A New Multipath Grid-Based Geographic Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks Proceedings of 2014 International Conference on Cyber-Enabled Distributed Computing and Knowledge Discovery, 13-15 October 2014, Shanghai, China.

Al-Salti, F., Alzeidi, N. and Arafeh, B. EMGGR: an energy-efficient multipath grid-based geographic routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks. Wireless Networks, 2016, 23, 1301-1314.

Jiang, J., Han, G., Guo, H., Shu, L. and Rodrigues, J.J.P. Geographic multipath routing based on geospatial division in duty-cycled underwater wireless sensor networks. Journal of Networks and Computer Applications, 2016, 59, 4–13.

Tariq, M., ShafieAbd Latiff, M., Ayaz, M., Coulibaly, Y. and Al-Areqi, N. Distance based Reliable and Energy Efficient (DREE) Routing Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks. Journal of Networks, 2015, 10(5), 311–321.

Javaid, N., Jafri, M.R., Khan, Z.A., Alrajeh, N., Imran, M. and Vasilakos, A. Chain-based communication in cylindrical underwater wireless sensor networks. Sensors, 2015, 15(2), 3625–3649.

S. Basagni, C. Petrioli, R. Petroccia, and D. Spaccini, “CARP: A Channel-aware routing protocol for underwater acoustic wireless networks,” Ad Hoc Networks, 2014, 34, 92–104.

Zhou, Z., Yao, B., Xing, R. Shu, L. and Bu, S. E-CARP: An Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for UWSNs in the Internet of Underwater Things. IEEE Sensor Journal, 2015, 16(11), 4072–4082.

Wahid, A., Lee, S. and Kim, D. An energy-efficient routing protocol for UWSNs using physical distance and residual energy. Proceedings of OCEANS 2011 IEEE - Spain, 6-9 June 2011, Santander, Spain.

Wahid, A., Lee, S. and Kim, D. A reliable and energy-efficient routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks. International Journal of Communication Systems, 2014, 27(10), 2048–2062.

De Couto, D.S.J., Aguayo, D., Bicket, J. and Morris, R. A high-throughput path metric for multi-hop wireless routing. Wireless Networks, 2005, 11(4), 419-434.

Baccour, N., Koubâa, A., Youssef, H., ben Jamâa, M., Rosário, D., Alves, M. and Becker, L. F-LQE: A Fuzzy Link Quality Estimator for Wireless Sensor Networks. Proceedings of 7th European Conference on Wireless Sensor Networks, 17-19 February 2010, Coimbra, Portugal.

Yan, H., Shi, Z.J. and Cui, J.-H. DBR: depth-based routing for underwater sensor networks. Proceedings of the International Conference on Research in Networking, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 5-9 May 2008, Singapore.

Noh, Y., Lee, U., Wang, P., Choi, B.S.C. and Gerla, M. VAPR: Void-Aware Pressure Routing for Underwater Sensor Networks. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2013, 12(5), 895–908.

Li, C., Xu, Y., Diao, B., Wang, Q. and An, Z. DBR-MAC: A Depth-Based Routing Aware MAC Protocol for Data Collection in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks. IEEE Sensor Journal, 2016, 16(10), 3904–3913.

Ali, T., Jung, L.T. and Faye, I. Diagonal and Vertical Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network. Proceedia – Social and Behavioral Science, 2014, 129, 372–379.

Chen, D. and Varshney, P. A survey of void handling techniques for geographic routing in wireless networks. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, 2007, 9(1), 50–67.

Xu, M., Liu, G. and Wu, H. An Energy-Efficient Routing Algorithm for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks Inspired by Ultrasonic Frogs. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 2014, 2014, 1–12.

Chilamkurti, N., Zeadally, S., Vasilakos, A., Sharma, V., Chilamkurti, N., Zeadally, S., Vasilakos, A. and Sharma, V. Cross-Layer Support for Energy Efficient Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks,. Journal of Sensors, 2009, 2009, 1–9.

Lai, S. Duty-Cycled Wireless Sensor Networks: Wakeup Scheduling, Routing, and Broadcasting. Doctoral Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 2010.

Xiang, L., Luo, J. and Vasilakos, A. Compressed data aggregation for energy efficient wireless sensor networks. Proceedings of the 8th Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks, 27-30 June 2011, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.

Liu, X.Y., Zhu, Y., Kong, L., Liu, C., Gu, Y., Vasilakos, A.V. and Wu, M.Y. CDC: Compressive Data Collection for Wireless Sensor Networks IEEE Transactions on Parallel Distributed Systems, 2015, 26(8), 2188–2197.

Xu, X., Ansari, R., Khokhar, A. and Vasilakos, A.V. Hierarchical Data Aggregation Using Compressive Sensing (HDACS) in WSNs. ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN), 2015, 11(3), 1–25.