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Abstract
The effects of the pesticide temephos, at different concentrations, on the liver of Aphanius dispar, (Rüppell 1828) a cyprinodont fish, have been described. The changes in the liver tissue after exposure to 1 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm and 25 ppm concentrations of temephos have been presented. Light and transmission electron microscopy showed that the degeneration of the liver cells commenced after exposure to 1 ppm and steadily progressed to show maximum changes at 25 ppm. Histopathological changes included the dilation of sinusoids, an increase in the number of lipid droplets and cytoplasmic vacuolation, pyknosis of the nuclei and focal necrosis. These results falsify the claim that temephos is a non-systemic poison.
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References
- AIUB, ELISÂNGELA C., EDUARDO S., LUIS F. and ISRAEL, F. 2002. Genotoxic evaluation of the organophosphorous pesticide temephos. Genetics and Molecular Research. 1(2): 159-166.
- AL-GHANBOUSI, R., BA-OMAR, T. and VICTOR, R. 2012. Effect of deltamethrin on the gills of Aphanius dispar: A microscopic study. Tissue and Cell 44: 7-14.
- ANSARI, B.A. and KUMAR, K. 1988. Diazinon toxicity on protein and nucleic acid metabolism in the liver of Zebra . Science Environment. 76: 63-68.
- ARELLANO, J.M., STORCH, V. and SARASQUETE, C. 1999. Histological changes and copper accumulation in liver and gills of the Senegales sole, Solea senegalensis. Ecotoxicology. Environ. Safety. 44: 62-72.
- BA-OMAR, T., AL-JARDANI, S. and VICTOR, R. 2011. Effects of Pesticide Temephos on the Gills of Aphanius dispar (Pisces: Cyprinodontidae). Tissue and Cell. 43: 29-38.
- CENGIZ, E.I., UNLU, E. and BALCI, K. 2001. The histopathological effects of thiodan on the liver and gut of mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis. J. Environ. Sci. Health. 36:75-85.
- CENGIZ, E.I. and UNLU, E. 2006. Sublethal effects of commercial deltamethrin on the structure of the gill, liver and gut tissues of mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis: a microscopic study. Environ. Toxicology Pharmacology. 21(3): 246-253.
- EDWARD, J.B. and SOGBESAN, O.A. 2007. Toxicity Effect of Temephos on Bulinus globossus and Lymnaea natalensis. Advances in Biological Research. 1(3-4): 130-133.
- FIGUEIREDO-FERNANDES, A., FERREIRA-CARDOSO, J.V., GARCIA-SANTOS, S., MONTEIRO, S.M., CARROLA, J., MATOS, P. and FONTAINHAS-FERNANDES, A. 2007. Histopathological changes in liver and gill epithelium of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, exposed to waterborne copper. Pesqui. Vet. Bras. 27:103-109.
- FLETCHER, M., TEKLEHAIMANOT, A. and YEMANE, G. 2002. Control of mosquito larvae in the port city of Assab by an indigenous larvivorous fish, Aphanius dispar. Acta Tropica. 52: 155-166.
- GILL, T.S., PANT, J.C. and PANT, J. 1988. Gill, liver and kidney lesions associated with experimental exposures to carbaryl and dimethoate in the fish Puntius conchonius. Bull. Environ. Contaminant Toxicology. 41: 71-78.
- GILL, T.S., PANT, J. and TEWARI, H. 1990. Hepatopathotoxicity of three pesticides in a freshwater fish (Puntius conchonius Ham). J. Environ. Sci. Health. 25: 653-663.
- JIRAUNGKOORKSUL, W., UPATHAM, E., KRUATRACHUE, M., SAHAPHONG, S., VICHASRI-GRAMS, S. and POKETHITIYOOK, P. 2002. Histopathological effects of Roundup, a glyphosate herbicide, on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis nilotica). Science Asia 28: 121-127.
- MATTHıESSEN, P. and ROBERTS, R.J. 1982. Histopathological changes in the liver and brain of fish exposed to endosulfan insecticide during tsetse fly control operations in Botswana. J. Fish Dis. 5: 153-169.
- MISHRA, A. and MOHANTY, B. 2008. Acute toxicity impacts of hexavalent chromium on behavior and histopathology of gill, kidney and liver of the freshwater fish, Channa punctatus. Environ Toxicology and Pharmacology. 26: 136-141.
- OLOJO, E.A.A., OLURIN, K.B., MBAKA, G. and OLUWEMIMO, A.D. 2005. Histopathologyof the gill and liver tissues of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus exposed to lead. Afr. J. Biotech. 4:117-122.
- ROBERTSON, J.C. and BRADLEY, T.M. 1991. Hepatic ultrastructure changes associated with the parr-smolt transformation of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). J. Expt. Zool. 260:135-14.
References
AIUB, ELISÂNGELA C., EDUARDO S., LUIS F. and ISRAEL, F. 2002. Genotoxic evaluation of the organophosphorous pesticide temephos. Genetics and Molecular Research. 1(2): 159-166.
AL-GHANBOUSI, R., BA-OMAR, T. and VICTOR, R. 2012. Effect of deltamethrin on the gills of Aphanius dispar: A microscopic study. Tissue and Cell 44: 7-14.
ANSARI, B.A. and KUMAR, K. 1988. Diazinon toxicity on protein and nucleic acid metabolism in the liver of Zebra . Science Environment. 76: 63-68.
ARELLANO, J.M., STORCH, V. and SARASQUETE, C. 1999. Histological changes and copper accumulation in liver and gills of the Senegales sole, Solea senegalensis. Ecotoxicology. Environ. Safety. 44: 62-72.
BA-OMAR, T., AL-JARDANI, S. and VICTOR, R. 2011. Effects of Pesticide Temephos on the Gills of Aphanius dispar (Pisces: Cyprinodontidae). Tissue and Cell. 43: 29-38.
CENGIZ, E.I., UNLU, E. and BALCI, K. 2001. The histopathological effects of thiodan on the liver and gut of mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis. J. Environ. Sci. Health. 36:75-85.
CENGIZ, E.I. and UNLU, E. 2006. Sublethal effects of commercial deltamethrin on the structure of the gill, liver and gut tissues of mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis: a microscopic study. Environ. Toxicology Pharmacology. 21(3): 246-253.
EDWARD, J.B. and SOGBESAN, O.A. 2007. Toxicity Effect of Temephos on Bulinus globossus and Lymnaea natalensis. Advances in Biological Research. 1(3-4): 130-133.
FIGUEIREDO-FERNANDES, A., FERREIRA-CARDOSO, J.V., GARCIA-SANTOS, S., MONTEIRO, S.M., CARROLA, J., MATOS, P. and FONTAINHAS-FERNANDES, A. 2007. Histopathological changes in liver and gill epithelium of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, exposed to waterborne copper. Pesqui. Vet. Bras. 27:103-109.
FLETCHER, M., TEKLEHAIMANOT, A. and YEMANE, G. 2002. Control of mosquito larvae in the port city of Assab by an indigenous larvivorous fish, Aphanius dispar. Acta Tropica. 52: 155-166.
GILL, T.S., PANT, J.C. and PANT, J. 1988. Gill, liver and kidney lesions associated with experimental exposures to carbaryl and dimethoate in the fish Puntius conchonius. Bull. Environ. Contaminant Toxicology. 41: 71-78.
GILL, T.S., PANT, J. and TEWARI, H. 1990. Hepatopathotoxicity of three pesticides in a freshwater fish (Puntius conchonius Ham). J. Environ. Sci. Health. 25: 653-663.
JIRAUNGKOORKSUL, W., UPATHAM, E., KRUATRACHUE, M., SAHAPHONG, S., VICHASRI-GRAMS, S. and POKETHITIYOOK, P. 2002. Histopathological effects of Roundup, a glyphosate herbicide, on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis nilotica). Science Asia 28: 121-127.
MATTHıESSEN, P. and ROBERTS, R.J. 1982. Histopathological changes in the liver and brain of fish exposed to endosulfan insecticide during tsetse fly control operations in Botswana. J. Fish Dis. 5: 153-169.
MISHRA, A. and MOHANTY, B. 2008. Acute toxicity impacts of hexavalent chromium on behavior and histopathology of gill, kidney and liver of the freshwater fish, Channa punctatus. Environ Toxicology and Pharmacology. 26: 136-141.
OLOJO, E.A.A., OLURIN, K.B., MBAKA, G. and OLUWEMIMO, A.D. 2005. Histopathologyof the gill and liver tissues of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus exposed to lead. Afr. J. Biotech. 4:117-122.
ROBERTSON, J.C. and BRADLEY, T.M. 1991. Hepatic ultrastructure changes associated with the parr-smolt transformation of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). J. Expt. Zool. 260:135-14.