Article Sidebar

Submitted
Apr 27, 2017
Published
Feb 1, 2015
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 409 Download : 287

Main Article Content

Abstract

In this paper we investigate numerically the hydromagnetic boundary layer flow and heat transfer characteristics of a nanofluid using three types of nanoparticles (copper, aluminium oxide and titanium dioxide) having various shapes (spherical, cylindrical, arbitrary, etc) by considering three kinds of base fluids (water, ethylene glycol and engine oil) over a nonlinear inclined stretching surface, taking into account the effect of convective surface condition. Using similarity transformations, the governing nonlinear partial differential equations of the physical model are transformed into non-dimensional ordinary differential equations which are solved for local similar solutions using the very robust computer algebra software, Maple 13. The numerical simulation is carried out to investigate the role of the pertinent parameters on the flow and temperature fields as well as on the rate of heat transfer and on the rate of shear stress. The results show that the addition of nanoparticles to the base fluid may not always increase the rate of heat transfer. It depends significantly on the surface convection, type of base fluid and nanoparticles.  The finding of this study will open a gate for better understanding of nanofluid characteristics.

 

 

Keywords

Nanofluid Convection Boundary layer Stretching surface Similarity solution.

Article Details

References

  1. Choi, S.U.S. and Eastman, J.A. Enhancing thermal conductivity of fluids with nanoparticles. Proc. ASME, November 12-17, 1995, San Francisco, CA.
  2. Kwak, K. and Kim, C. Viscosity and thermal conductivity of copper nanofluid dispersed in ethylene glycol. Korea-Australia Rheology J., 2005, 17, 35-40.
  3. Tiwari, R.J., and Das. M.K. Heat transfer augmentation in a two-sided lid-driven differentially heated square cavity utilizing nanofluids. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2007, 50, 2002-2018.
  4. Kakac, S. and Pramuanjaroenkij. Review of convective heat transfer enhancement with nanofluids. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2009, 52, 3187-3196.
  5. Khanafer, K., Vafai, K. and Lightstone, M. Buoyancy driven heat transfer enhancement in a two dimensional enclosure utilizing nanofluids. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2003, 46, 3639–3653.
  6. Wang, B., Zhou, L. and Peng, X. A fractal model for predicting the effective thermal conductivity of liquid with suspension of nanoparticles. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2003, 46, 2665-2672.
  7. Das, S.K., Choi, S.U.S., Yu, W. and Pradeep, T. Nanofluids: Science and Technology, Wiley, New Jersey, 2008.
  8. Choi, S.U.S. Enhancing thermal conductivity of fluids with nanoparticles, in: Proc. International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, San Francisco, USA. ASME, FED 231/MD, 1995, Vol. 66, pp. 99–105.
  9. Nield, D.A. and Bejan, A. Convection in Porous Media (4th edition), Springer,New York, 2013.
  10. Buongiorno, J. Convective transport in nanofluids. ASME J. Heat Transfer, 2006, 128, 240-250.
  11. Wong, K.F.V. and Leon, O.D. Applications of nanofluids: current and future, Adv. Mech. Eng., 2010, 519659 (11pages).
  12. Lee, J.H., Lee, S.H., Choi, C.J., Jang, S.P. and Choi, S.U.S. A review of thermal conductivity data, mechanics and models for nanofluids. Int. J. Micro-Nano Scale Transport, 2010, 1, 269–322.
  13. Eagen, J., Rusconi, R., Piazz, R. and Yip, S. The classical nature of thermal conduction in nanofluids. ASME J. Heat Transfer., 2011, 132,102402 (14 pages).
  14. Fan, J. and Wang, L. Review of heat conduction in nanofluids. ASME J. Heat Transfer., 2011, 133, 040801 (14 pages).
  15. Mahian, O., Kianifar, A., Kalogirou, S.A., Pop, I. and Wonhwises, S. A review of the applications of nanofluids in solar energy. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2013, 57, 582–594.
  16. Abu-nada, E. Application of nanofluids for heat transfer enhancement of separated flows encountered in a backward facing step. Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 2008, 29, 242–249.
  17. Oztop, H.F. and Abu-nada, E. Numerical study of natural convection in partially heated rectangular enclosures filled with nanofluids. Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 2008, 29,1326-1336.
  18. Nield, D.A. and Kuznetsov, A.V. The Cheng–Minkowycz problem for natural convective boundary-layer flow in a porous medium saturated by a nanofluid. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2009, 52, 5792–5795.
  19. Abu-nada, E. and Oztop, H.F. Effects of inclination angle on natural convection in enclosures filled with Cu-water nanofluid. Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 2009, 30, 669–678.
  20. Congedo, P.M., Collura, S. and Congedo, P.M. Modeling and analysis of natural convection heat transfer in nanofluids. In: Proc. ASME “Summer Heat Transfer Conference”, 2009, 3, 569–579.
  21. Kuznetsov, A.V. and Nield, D.A. Natural convective boundary-layer flow of a nanofluid past a vertical plate. Int. J. Thermal Sciences, 2010, 49, 243–247.
  22. Kuznetsov, A.V. and Nield, D.A. The Cheng–Minkowycz problem for natural convective boundary layer flow in a porous medium saturated by a nanofluid: A revised model, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2013, 65, 682–685.
  23. Muthtamilsevan, M., Kandaswamy, P., and Lee, J. Heat transfer enhancement of copper-water nanofluids in a lid driven enclosure. Commun. Nonlin. Sci. Numer. Simulat., 2010, 15, 1501–1510.
  24. Bachok, N., Ishak, A. and Pop, I. Boundary-layer flow of nanofluids over a moving surface in a flowing fluid. Int. J. Thermal Sciences, 2010, 49, 1663–1668.
  25. Ahmed, S. and Pop, I. Mixed convection boundary layer flow from a vertical flat plate embedded in a porous medium filled with nanofluids. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transfer, 2010, 37, 987–991.
  26. Khan, W.A. and Pop, I. Boundary-layer flow of a nanofluid past a stretching sheet. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2010, 53, 2477-2483.
  27. Beg, O.A., Ghosh, S.K. and Beg, T.A. Applied magnetofluid dynamics: modelling and computation. Lambert Academic, Germany, 2011.
  28. Gorla, R.S.R. and Chamkha, A. Natural convective boundary layer flow over a horizontal plate embedded in a porous medium saturated with a nanofluid. J. Mod. Phys., 2011, 2, 62–71.
  29. Gorla, R.S.R., EL-Kabeir, S.M.M. and Rashad, A.M. Heat transfer in the boundary layer on a stretching circular cylinder in a nanofluid. AIAA J. Thermophy. Heat Transfer, 2011, 25, 183–186.
  30. Rashidi, M.M., Beg, O.A., Asadi, M. and Rastegari, M.T. DTM-Padé modeling of natural convective boundary layer flow of a nanofluid past a vertical surface. Int. J. Thermal Environ. Eng., 2011, 4(1), 13–24.
  31. Rahman, M.M. and Aziz, A. Heat transfer in water based nanofluids (TiO2-H2O, Al2O3- H2O and Cu- H2O) over a stretching cylinder. Int. J. Heat Tech., 2012, 30(2), 43-49.
  32. Rahman, M.M., AL-Lawatia, M.A., Eltayeb, I.A., and AL-Salti, N. Hydromagnetic slip flow of water based nanofluids past a wedge with convective surface in the presence of heat generation (or) absorption. Int. J. Thermal Sci., 2012, 57, 172-182.
  33. Rahman, M.M. and Eltayeb, I.A. Radiative heat transfer in a hydromagnetic nanofluid past a non-linear stretching surface with convective boundary condition. Meccanica, 2013, 48, 601-615.
  34. Rahman, M.M., Rosca, A.V. and Pop, I. Boundary layer flow of a nanofluid past a permeable exponentially shrinking surface with second order slip using Buongiorno’s model. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2014, 77, 1133-1143.
  35. Rahman, M.M., Rosca, A.V. and Pop, I. Boundary layer flow of a nanofluid past a permeable exponentially shrinking surface with convective boundary condition using Buongiorno’s model, Int. J. Numer. Methods Heat Fluid Flow (accepted for publication), 2014, 25(2).
  36. Rahman, M.M., AL-Marzoui, W.A., AL-Hatmi, F.S., AL-Lawatia, M.A. and Eltayeb, I.A. The role of a convective surface in models of the radiative heat transfer in nanofluids. Nuclear Eng. Design, 2014, 275, 282-392.
  37. Crane, L.J. Flow past a stretching plate. J. App. Math. Phys. (ZAMP), 1970, 21, 645–647.
  38. Nadeem, S. and Lee, C. Boundary layer flow of nanofluid over an exponentially stretching surface. Nanoscale Res. Lett., 2012, 7, 94 (6 pages).
  39. Yao, S., Fang, T. and Zhong, Y. Heat transfer of a generalized stretching/shrinking wall problem with convective boundary conditions. Commun. Nonlin. Sci. Numer. Simulat., 2011, 16, 752-760.
  40. Hamad, M.A.A. and Pop, I. Scaling transformations for boundary layer flow near the stagnation-point on a heated permeable stretching surface in a porous medium saturated with a nanofluid and heat generation/absorption effects. Transp. Porous Media, 2011, 87, 25-39.
  41. Brinkman, H.C. The viscosity of concentrated suspensions and solutions. J. Chem. Phys, 1952, 20, 571-581.
  42. Xuan, Y. and Li. Y.Q. Investigation on convective heat transfer and flow features of nanofluids. ASME J. Heat Transfer, 2003, 151-155.
  43. Mansour, M.A. and Ahmed, S.A. Mixed convection flows in a square lid-driven cavity with heat source at the bottom utilizing nanofluid. Can. J. Chem. Eng., 2012, 90, 100-110.
  44. Rana, P. and Bhargava, R. Numerical study of heat transfer enhancement in mixed convection flow along a vertical plate with heat source/sink utilizing nanofluids. Commun. Nonlin. Sci. Numer. Simulat., 2011, 16, 4318-4334.
  45. AL-Hatmi, M.M. Convective heat transfer in nanofluid. M.Sc. Thesis, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman, 2014.
  46. Yacob, N.A., Ishak, A. and Pop, I. Falkner-Skan problem for a static or moving wedge in nanofluids. Int. J. Thermal Sci., 2011, 50, 133-139.