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Abstract
A novel ethoxy derivative of an amino acid chemosensor, 3-naphthyl-1-phenyl-5-(2ʹ-fluoro-5ʹ-nitrophenyl)-2-pyrazoline (NPFNP), has been synthesized and characterized by different spectroscopic methods. A single crystal of the ethoxy derivative, 3-naphthyl-1-phenyl-5-(2ʹ-ethoxy-5ʹ-nitrophenyl)-2-pyrazoline NPENP, has been obtained and characterized. The structure holds interest as it carries biologically active pyrazoline as a central ring attaching to electron donating and withdrawing substituents. The major motivation for this work was to gain detailed insight into the structural parameters of this compound for investigating the influence of crystal packing and geometrical dimensions on optical properties. Time-dependent DFT calculations have been employed for comparing the XRD data with theoretical parameters. The results show that the DFT method at B3LYP/6-31G level can well reproduce the structure of the title compound.
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References
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- Lee, C., Yang, W. and Parr, R.G. Development of the Colle-Salvetti correlation-energy formula into a functional of the electron density. Physical Review B, 1988, 37, 785-789.
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- Gong, Z-L., Zheng, L-W., Zhao, B-X., Yang, D-Z., Lv, H-S., Liu, W-Y. and Lian S. The Synthesis, X-ray crystal structure and optical properties of novel 1, 3, 5- triaryl pyrazoline derivatives. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 2010, 209, 49-55.
- Chamas, Z., Marchi, E., Presson, B., Aubert, A., Ceroni, P. and Mamane, V. Synthesis and solid state fluorescence properties of pentacyclic 7-substituted-indeno [1', 2': 4, 5] pyrido [2, 1-a] isoindol-5-ones. RSC Advances, 2015, 5, 2715-2723.
- Thompson, H.P.G. and Day, G.M. Which conformations make stable crystal structures? Mapping crystalline molecular geometries to the conformational energy landscape. Chemical Sciences, 2014, 15, 3173-3182.
- Demachy, I. and Volatron F. Hyperconjugation versus steric effects: Ab Initio study of the B2D4 systems (D= H, CH3, NH2, OH, F, Cl). Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1994, 98, 10728-10734.
- Varghese, B., Al-Busafi, S.N., Suliman, F.O and Al-Kindy, S.M.Z. Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and photophysics of a novel environmentally sensitive dye 3-naphthyl-1-phenyl-5(4-carboxyphenyl)-2-pyrazoline. Journal of Luminescence, 2015, 159, 9-16.
References
Dai, Y., Guo, M., Peng, J., Shen, W., Li, M., He, R., Zhu, C. and Lin, S.H. Noncovalent interaction and its influence on excited-state behaviour: A theoretical study on the mixed coaggregates of dicyanonaphthalene and pyrazoline. Chemical Physics Letters, 2013, 556, 230-236.
Anam, F., Abbas, A., Lo, K.M., Rehman, Z.U., Hameed, S. and Naseer, M.M. Homologous 1,3,5-triarylpyrazolines: synthesis, CH….π interactions guided self-assembly and effect of alkyloxy chain length on DNA binding properties. New Journal of Chemistry, 2014, 38, 5617-5625.
Lone, I.H., Khan, K.Z. and Fozdar, B.I. Synthesis, Physicochemical properties, antimicrobial and antioxidant studies of pyrazoline derivatives bearing a pyridyl moiety. Medicinal Chemistry Research, 2014, 23, 363-369.
Havrylyuk, D., Zimenkovsky, B., Karpenko, O., Grellier, P. and Lesyk, R. Synthesis of pyrazoline- thiazolidinone hybrids with trypanocidal activity. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2014, 85, 245-254.
Wang, H.Y., Shi, J.J., Chen, G., Xu, X.P. and Ji, S.J. Synthesis and characteristics of novel benzothiazoyl-pyrazoline derivatives containing carbazole. Synthetic Metals, 2012, 162, 241-246.
Kumar, C.K., Trivedi, R., Kumar, K.R., Giribabu, L. and Sridhar, B. Synthesis, Characterization, electrochemistry and optical properties of new 1,3,5-trisubstituted ferrocenyl pyrazolines and pyrazoles containing sulfonamide moiety. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 2012, 718, 64-73.
Shi, H-P., Dai, J.X., Zhang, X.F., Xu, L., Wang, L., Shi, L.W. and Fang, L. Experimental and theoretical study of two new pyrazoline derivatives based on dibenzofuran. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2011, 83, 242-249.
Singh, P., Negi, J.S., Singh, K., Pant, G.J., Rawat, M.S.M. and Joshi, G.C. Synthesis and structure dependent photophysical properties of novel 2-pyrazolines. Synthetic Metals, 2012, 162, 1977-1980.
Wang, S.Q., Gao, Y., Wang, H.Y., Zheng, X.X., Shen, S.L., Zhang, Y.R. and Zhao B.X. Synthesis, X-ray crystal structure and optical properties of novel 1,3,5-triarylpyrazoline derivatives and the fluorescent sensor for Cu2+. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy., 2013, 106, 110-117.
Zhao, P., Zhou, S., Guo, Z. and Zhu Y. Crystal structure, Spectral properties and comparative studies on a 2-pyrazoline derivative. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2012, 94, 65-71.
Zeng, Y.M., Chen, S.Q. and Liu, F.M. Synthesis and crystal structure of new thiazolyl-pyrazoline derivatives bearing 1, 2, 4-triazole moiety. The Journal of Chemical Crystallography, 2012, 42, 24-28.
Chinnaraja, D., Rajalakshmi, R., Srinivasan, T., Velmurugan, D. and Jayabharathi, J. Spectral studies of 2-pyrazoline derivatives: Structural elucidation through single crystal XRD and DFT calculations. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2014, 124, 30-33.
Assaf, P., Katzhendler, J. and Haj-Yehia, Al. 2- (4-carboxyphenyl) -6 -N, N-diethyl amino benzofuran; a useful reagent for the sensitive determination of alcohols by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection. The Journal of Chromatography A, 2000, 869, 243-250.
Varghese, B., Al-Busafi, S.N., Suliman, F.O. and Al-Kindy, S.M.Z. Study on the spectral and inclusion properties of a sensitive dye, 3-naphthyl-1-phenyl-5-(5-fluoro-2-nitrophenyl)-2-pyrazoline, in solvents and β-cyclodextrin. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2015, 136, 661–671.
Sheldrick, G.M. SHELXTL, v5 Reference Manual; Siemens Analytical X-Ray Systems: Madison, WI, 1997.
Wilson, A.J. International Table for X-ray Crystallography; Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht: The Netherlands, 1992, Vol.C: Tables 6.1.1.4 (pp. 500-502) and 4.2.6.8 (pp.219-222).
Becke, A.D. Density-functional exchange-energy approximation with correct asymptotic behaviour. Physical Review A, 1988, 38, 3098- 3100.
Lee, C., Yang, W. and Parr, R.G. Development of the Colle-Salvetti correlation-energy formula into a functional of the electron density. Physical Review B, 1988, 37, 785-789.
Oliva, J.M., Allan, N.L., Schleyer, P.V.R., Vinas, C. and Teixido, F. Strikingly Long C….C distances in 1, 2- Disubstituted ortho- carbenes and their Dianions. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2005, 127, 13538-13547.
Gong, Z-L., Zheng, L-W., Zhao, B-X., Yang, D-Z., Lv, H-S., Liu, W-Y. and Lian S. The Synthesis, X-ray crystal structure and optical properties of novel 1, 3, 5- triaryl pyrazoline derivatives. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 2010, 209, 49-55.
Chamas, Z., Marchi, E., Presson, B., Aubert, A., Ceroni, P. and Mamane, V. Synthesis and solid state fluorescence properties of pentacyclic 7-substituted-indeno [1', 2': 4, 5] pyrido [2, 1-a] isoindol-5-ones. RSC Advances, 2015, 5, 2715-2723.
Thompson, H.P.G. and Day, G.M. Which conformations make stable crystal structures? Mapping crystalline molecular geometries to the conformational energy landscape. Chemical Sciences, 2014, 15, 3173-3182.
Demachy, I. and Volatron F. Hyperconjugation versus steric effects: Ab Initio study of the B2D4 systems (D= H, CH3, NH2, OH, F, Cl). Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1994, 98, 10728-10734.
Varghese, B., Al-Busafi, S.N., Suliman, F.O and Al-Kindy, S.M.Z. Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and photophysics of a novel environmentally sensitive dye 3-naphthyl-1-phenyl-5(4-carboxyphenyl)-2-pyrazoline. Journal of Luminescence, 2015, 159, 9-16.