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Abstract
This paper presents novel corrective control actions to alleviate overloads in transmission lines by the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method. Generator rescheduling and/or load shedding is performed locally, to restore the system from abnormal to normal operating state. The appropriate identification of generators and load buses to perform the corrective control action is an important task for the operators. Anew Direct Acyclic Graph (DAG) technique for selection of participating generators and buses with respect to a contingency is presented. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated with the help of the IEEE 30 bus system. The result shows that the proposed approach is computationally fast, reliable and efficient, in restoring the system to normal state after a contingency with minimal control actions.
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References
- Abou El-Ela, A.A., Bishr, M., Allam, S. And El-Sehiemy, R., 2005, "Optimal Preventive Control Actions using Multi-objective Fuzzy Linear Programming Technique," Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 74, pp. 147-155.
- Bhaskar, G. and Mohan, M.R., 2008, "Security Constrained Economic Load Dispatch using Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Suitable for Utility," Electric Power and Energy System, Vol. 30, pp. 609-613.
- Bialek, J., 1996, "Tracing the Flow of Electricity," IEE Proceedings-Generation Transmission Distribution, Vol. 143(4), pp. 313 - 320.
- Chan, S.M. and Schweppe, F.C., 1997, "Ageneration Reallocation and Load Shedding Algorithm," IEEE Transaction on Power Apparatus and Systems, Vol. PAS-98(1), pp. 26-34.
- Christie,R.D., Wollenberg, B. and Wangensteen, I., 2000, "Transmission Management in the Deregulated Environment," Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 88(2), pp.170-195.
- Dutta, S. and Singh, S.P., 2008 , "Optimal Rescheduling of Generators for Congestion Management Based on Particle Swarm Optimization", IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 23(4), pp 1560-1569.
- Hazra, J. and Sinha, A. K., 2007, "Congestion Management using Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization," IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, Vol. 22(4), pp. 1726 - 1734.
- Kennedy, J. and Eberhart, R., 1995, "Particle Swarm Optimization," Proceeding of IEEE, International Conference in Neural Network, Perth, Austrlia, pp. 1942-1948.
- Kirschen, D., Allan, R. and Strbac, G., 1997, "Contributions of Individual Generators to Loads and Flows," IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, Vol. 12(1), pp. 52-60.
- Medicheral, T.K.P., Billinto, R. and Sachdev, M.S., 1981, "Generation Rescheduling and Load Shedding to Alleviate line Overloads - System Studies," IEEE Transaction on Power Apparatus and Systems, Vol. PAS-100(1), pp. 36-42.
- PSO Tutorial. [Online]. Available: http://www.swarmintelligence.org/tutorials.php
- Ram, D., Srivastava, L., Pandit, M. and Sharma, J., 2007, "Corrective Action Planning using RBF Neural Network," Applied Soft Computing, Vol. 7, pp. 1055- 1063.
- Shandilya, A., Gupta, H. and Sharma, J., 1993, "Method for Generation Rescheduling and Load Shedding to Alleviate Line Overloads using Local Optimization," IEE Proceedings Generation, Transmission and Distribution, Vol. 140(5), pp. 337-342.
- Talukdar, B.K., Sinha, A.K., Mukhopadhyay, S. and Bose, A., 2005, "A Computationally Simple Method for Cost-efficient Generation Rescheduling and Load Shedding for Congestion Management," Electrical power and Energy Systems, Vol. 27, pp. 379-388.
- Yesuratnam, G. and Thukaram, D., 2007, "Congestion Management in Open Access Based on Relative Electrical Distance using Voltage Stability Criteria," Electric Power System Research, Vol. 77, pp.1608 - 1618.
References
Abou El-Ela, A.A., Bishr, M., Allam, S. And El-Sehiemy, R., 2005, "Optimal Preventive Control Actions using Multi-objective Fuzzy Linear Programming Technique," Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 74, pp. 147-155.
Bhaskar, G. and Mohan, M.R., 2008, "Security Constrained Economic Load Dispatch using Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Suitable for Utility," Electric Power and Energy System, Vol. 30, pp. 609-613.
Bialek, J., 1996, "Tracing the Flow of Electricity," IEE Proceedings-Generation Transmission Distribution, Vol. 143(4), pp. 313 - 320.
Chan, S.M. and Schweppe, F.C., 1997, "Ageneration Reallocation and Load Shedding Algorithm," IEEE Transaction on Power Apparatus and Systems, Vol. PAS-98(1), pp. 26-34.
Christie,R.D., Wollenberg, B. and Wangensteen, I., 2000, "Transmission Management in the Deregulated Environment," Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 88(2), pp.170-195.
Dutta, S. and Singh, S.P., 2008 , "Optimal Rescheduling of Generators for Congestion Management Based on Particle Swarm Optimization", IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 23(4), pp 1560-1569.
Hazra, J. and Sinha, A. K., 2007, "Congestion Management using Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization," IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, Vol. 22(4), pp. 1726 - 1734.
Kennedy, J. and Eberhart, R., 1995, "Particle Swarm Optimization," Proceeding of IEEE, International Conference in Neural Network, Perth, Austrlia, pp. 1942-1948.
Kirschen, D., Allan, R. and Strbac, G., 1997, "Contributions of Individual Generators to Loads and Flows," IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, Vol. 12(1), pp. 52-60.
Medicheral, T.K.P., Billinto, R. and Sachdev, M.S., 1981, "Generation Rescheduling and Load Shedding to Alleviate line Overloads - System Studies," IEEE Transaction on Power Apparatus and Systems, Vol. PAS-100(1), pp. 36-42.
PSO Tutorial. [Online]. Available: http://www.swarmintelligence.org/tutorials.php
Ram, D., Srivastava, L., Pandit, M. and Sharma, J., 2007, "Corrective Action Planning using RBF Neural Network," Applied Soft Computing, Vol. 7, pp. 1055- 1063.
Shandilya, A., Gupta, H. and Sharma, J., 1993, "Method for Generation Rescheduling and Load Shedding to Alleviate Line Overloads using Local Optimization," IEE Proceedings Generation, Transmission and Distribution, Vol. 140(5), pp. 337-342.
Talukdar, B.K., Sinha, A.K., Mukhopadhyay, S. and Bose, A., 2005, "A Computationally Simple Method for Cost-efficient Generation Rescheduling and Load Shedding for Congestion Management," Electrical power and Energy Systems, Vol. 27, pp. 379-388.
Yesuratnam, G. and Thukaram, D., 2007, "Congestion Management in Open Access Based on Relative Electrical Distance using Voltage Stability Criteria," Electric Power System Research, Vol. 77, pp.1608 - 1618.