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Abstract
Underground concrete barriers are frequently used to protect strategic structures like Nuclear power plants (NPP), deep under the soil against any possible high velocity missile impact. For a given range and type of missile (or projectile) it is of paramount importance to examine the reliability of underground concrete barriers under expected uncertainties involved in the missile, concrete, and soil parameters. In this paper, a simple procedure for the reliability assessment of underground concrete barriers against normal missile impact has been presented using the First Order Reliability Method (FORM). The presented procedure is illustrated by applying it to a concrete barrier that lies at a certain depth in the soil. Some parametric studies are also conducted to obtain the design values which make the barrier as reliable as desired.
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References
- Choudhury, M.A., Siddiqui, N.A. and Abbas, H., 2002, "Reliability Analysis of a Buried Concrete Target under Missile Impact,"Int J. of Impact Engineering. Vol. 27, pp.791-806
- Forrestal, M.J and Luk , V.K.,1992,"Penetration into Soil Targets," Int. J. of Impact Engineering, Vol. 12, pp. 427-444.
- Forrestal, M. J., Altman, B. S., Cargile, J. D. and Hanchak, S. J., 1994, "An Empirical Equation for Penetration Depth of Ogive-nose Projectiles into Concrete Target." Int. J. of Impact Engineering, Vol. 15(4), pp. 395-405.
- Forrestal, M. J., Frew, D. J., Hanchak, S. J. and Bar, N. S., 1996, "Penetration of Grout and Concrete Target with Ogive-nose Steel Projectiles," Int. J. of Impact Engineering, Vol.18(5), pp. 465-476.
- Forrestal, M. J., Frew, D. J., Hickerson, J. P. and Rohwer, T. A., 2003, "Penetration of Concrete Targets with Deceleration-time Measurements." Int. J. of Impact Engineering, Vol. 28, pp. 479- 497.
- Frew, D. J., Hanchak, S. J., Green, M. L. and Forrestal, M. J., 1998, "Penetration of Concrete Target with Ogive-nose Steel Rods," Int. J. of Impact Engineering, Vol. 21(6), pp. 489-497.
- Frew, D. J., Forrestal, M. J. and Cargile, J. D., 2006, "The Effect of Concrete Target Diameter on Projectile Deceleration and Penetration Depth," Int. J. of Impact Engineering, Vol. 32, pp.1584- 1594.
- Khan, U., Siddiqui, N.A., Umar, A. and Abbas, H., 2003, "Local Damage in Concrete Targets under Impact Load," Defence Science Journal, DRDO, India, Vol. 53(1), pp. 67-73.
- Khan, R.A., Siddiqui, N. A., Naqvi, S.Q.A. and Ahmad, S., 2006, "Reliability Analysis of TLP Tethers under Impulsive Loading." Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Vol. 91(1), pp. 73-83.
- Melchers, R.E., 1999, "Structural Reliability Analysis and Prediction," John Wiley and Sons, Second Edition, 1999, USA.
- Nowak, A.S. and Collins, K.R., 2000, "Reliability of Structures," Mc Graw Hill, Singapore.
- Siddiqui, N.A., Choudhury, M.A. and Abbas, H., 2002, "Reliability Analysis of Projectile Penetration into Geological Targets," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Vol. 78, pp. 13- 19.
- Siddiqui, N.A. and Abbas, H., 2002, "Mechanics of Missile Penetration Into Geo-materials," Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An International Journal, Vol. 13(2), pp. 639-652.
- Siddiqui, N.A., 2003, "Reliability Analysis of Concrete Barriers under Normal Missile Impact," Proceedings of National Conference on Advances in Civil Engineering: Perspectives of Developing Countries (ACEDEC 2003), HBTI Kanpur, India, 15-16 January, Vol. 1, pp. 20-29.
- Siddiqui, N.A., Iqbal, M.A., Abbas, H. and Paul, D.K., 2003, "Reliability Analysis of Nuclear Containment without Metallic Liners against Jet Aircraft Crash." Nuclear Engineering and Design, Vol. 224, pp. 11-21.
- Siddiqui, N. A., Kumar, S., Khan, M. A. and Abbas, H., 2006, "A Simplified Procedure to Incorporate Soil Nonlinearity in Missile Penetration Problems," Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An International Journal, Vol. 23(3), pp. 249-262.
References
Choudhury, M.A., Siddiqui, N.A. and Abbas, H., 2002, "Reliability Analysis of a Buried Concrete Target under Missile Impact,"Int J. of Impact Engineering. Vol. 27, pp.791-806
Forrestal, M.J and Luk , V.K.,1992,"Penetration into Soil Targets," Int. J. of Impact Engineering, Vol. 12, pp. 427-444.
Forrestal, M. J., Altman, B. S., Cargile, J. D. and Hanchak, S. J., 1994, "An Empirical Equation for Penetration Depth of Ogive-nose Projectiles into Concrete Target." Int. J. of Impact Engineering, Vol. 15(4), pp. 395-405.
Forrestal, M. J., Frew, D. J., Hanchak, S. J. and Bar, N. S., 1996, "Penetration of Grout and Concrete Target with Ogive-nose Steel Projectiles," Int. J. of Impact Engineering, Vol.18(5), pp. 465-476.
Forrestal, M. J., Frew, D. J., Hickerson, J. P. and Rohwer, T. A., 2003, "Penetration of Concrete Targets with Deceleration-time Measurements." Int. J. of Impact Engineering, Vol. 28, pp. 479- 497.
Frew, D. J., Hanchak, S. J., Green, M. L. and Forrestal, M. J., 1998, "Penetration of Concrete Target with Ogive-nose Steel Rods," Int. J. of Impact Engineering, Vol. 21(6), pp. 489-497.
Frew, D. J., Forrestal, M. J. and Cargile, J. D., 2006, "The Effect of Concrete Target Diameter on Projectile Deceleration and Penetration Depth," Int. J. of Impact Engineering, Vol. 32, pp.1584- 1594.
Khan, U., Siddiqui, N.A., Umar, A. and Abbas, H., 2003, "Local Damage in Concrete Targets under Impact Load," Defence Science Journal, DRDO, India, Vol. 53(1), pp. 67-73.
Khan, R.A., Siddiqui, N. A., Naqvi, S.Q.A. and Ahmad, S., 2006, "Reliability Analysis of TLP Tethers under Impulsive Loading." Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Vol. 91(1), pp. 73-83.
Melchers, R.E., 1999, "Structural Reliability Analysis and Prediction," John Wiley and Sons, Second Edition, 1999, USA.
Nowak, A.S. and Collins, K.R., 2000, "Reliability of Structures," Mc Graw Hill, Singapore.
Siddiqui, N.A., Choudhury, M.A. and Abbas, H., 2002, "Reliability Analysis of Projectile Penetration into Geological Targets," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Vol. 78, pp. 13- 19.
Siddiqui, N.A. and Abbas, H., 2002, "Mechanics of Missile Penetration Into Geo-materials," Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An International Journal, Vol. 13(2), pp. 639-652.
Siddiqui, N.A., 2003, "Reliability Analysis of Concrete Barriers under Normal Missile Impact," Proceedings of National Conference on Advances in Civil Engineering: Perspectives of Developing Countries (ACEDEC 2003), HBTI Kanpur, India, 15-16 January, Vol. 1, pp. 20-29.
Siddiqui, N.A., Iqbal, M.A., Abbas, H. and Paul, D.K., 2003, "Reliability Analysis of Nuclear Containment without Metallic Liners against Jet Aircraft Crash." Nuclear Engineering and Design, Vol. 224, pp. 11-21.
Siddiqui, N. A., Kumar, S., Khan, M. A. and Abbas, H., 2006, "A Simplified Procedure to Incorporate Soil Nonlinearity in Missile Penetration Problems," Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An International Journal, Vol. 23(3), pp. 249-262.