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Abstract
In this paper, the design of a universal second-order filter using configurable analog blocks (CABs) for field programmable analog arrays is presented. The configurable blocks are capable of performing integration, differentiation, amplification, log, anti-log, add and negate functions. To maintain high frequency operation, the programmability and configurability of the blocks are achieved by digitally modifying the block's biasing conditions. Using at most four CABs, this article shows that it is possible to design a versatile second-order filter realizing all the standard five filter functions; lowpass, highpass, bandpass, notch and allpass. SPICE simulation results using practical bipolar junction transistor (BJT) parameters confirm the feasibility of using the CABs in designing second-order filters.
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References
- Buxton, A., (2000) "Totally Reconfigurable Analog Circuits, Concept and Practical Implementation," 42nd Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Vol. 1, pp. 292-295.
- Fares, O.O. and Abuelma'attiu, M.T., 2008, “Configurable Analogue Building Blocks for Field-Programmable Analogue Arrays," International Journal of Electronics, Vol. 95, pp. 1009-1028.
- Kutuk, H. and Kang, S.M., 1998, "A High- Frequency Filed-Programmable Analog Array (FPAA), Part I: Design," Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, Vol. 17, pp. 143-156.
- Pankiewicz B., Wojcikowski, M., Szczepanski, S. and Sun, Y., 2002, "A Field Programmable Analog Array for CMOS Continuous-Time OTA-C Filter Applications," IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 37, pp. 1225-1236.
- Znamirowski, L., Palusinski, O.A. and Reiser, C., (2002), 2002, "Optimization Technique for Dynamic Configuration of Programmable Analog/Digital Arrays," Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, Vol. 31, pp. 19-30.
References
Buxton, A., (2000) "Totally Reconfigurable Analog Circuits, Concept and Practical Implementation," 42nd Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Vol. 1, pp. 292-295.
Fares, O.O. and Abuelma'attiu, M.T., 2008, “Configurable Analogue Building Blocks for Field-Programmable Analogue Arrays," International Journal of Electronics, Vol. 95, pp. 1009-1028.
Kutuk, H. and Kang, S.M., 1998, "A High- Frequency Filed-Programmable Analog Array (FPAA), Part I: Design," Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, Vol. 17, pp. 143-156.
Pankiewicz B., Wojcikowski, M., Szczepanski, S. and Sun, Y., 2002, "A Field Programmable Analog Array for CMOS Continuous-Time OTA-C Filter Applications," IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 37, pp. 1225-1236.
Znamirowski, L., Palusinski, O.A. and Reiser, C., (2002), 2002, "Optimization Technique for Dynamic Configuration of Programmable Analog/Digital Arrays," Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, Vol. 31, pp. 19-30.